![]() And you can turn on “ Email Notification” so that MultCloud will inform you right after the sync is done. For free users: You can use 4 basic sync modes like Simple Sync and Real Time Sync in one-way and two-way.Then click “ Add Cloud” to add another Google Drive account to MultCloud. Choose the Google Drive icon to allow MultCloud to access your Google Drive account. You can also sign in with your Google/Facebook account.Ģ. Create a MultCloud account on the website and log in. Steps to Sync Two Google Drive Accounts on Mac by MultCloudġ. You could use this method to sync files between any clouds that you can think of as well. To show you how easy it is to sync Google Drive with another cloud by the Cloud Sync function of MultCloud, here we take how to sync Google Drive to another Google Drive account on Mac as a brief example. One-Key Cloud-Cloud Sync with 10 Modes: By selecting your clouds as the source and destination, you can use the Cloud Sync feature to quickly sync files between them with 10 wonderful sync modes. ![]() Use All Clouds without Switching Accounts: You can find all cloud built-in functions in MultCloud like upload, download, cut, delete, rename, copy, preview, etc.Transfer, Sync, and Backup Data across Clouds Conveniently: You can use the Cloud Transfer, Cloud Sync, Cloud Backup, and Team Transfer features to transfer data between clouds without downloading and uploading.Then open the downloaded file in the Downloads folder and follow the pop-up window to install the app on your Mac. Install Google Drive Mac Sync Softwareĭownload the Drive for desktop application from Google Drive’s official website. Here’s the detailed operation of how to sync mac with Google Drive. With a Google Drive account and 15 GB of free cloud storage in hand, you can easily figure out how to sync Google Drive on Mac by following the clear guide below to install the desktop app on your Mac, set up a Google Drive folder on your Mac, and choose a sync mode as you like. How to Sync Google Drive with Mac by the Desktop App You can check the status of your synchronization and the most recently synchronized files at any time from the Google Drive icon on your Mac. The Google Drive sync with Mac is a continuous process that keeps running in the background. This ensures that files in the cloud and local devices are always kept up-to-date with the latest version and can be easily accessed from any device with the Internet. If you add, delete, edit or move a file from one location, the Drive for desktop will quickly modify the same file in the other location. After the synchronization, your files will be linked between the cloud and your computer. Synchronization of Drive for desktop is the process of downloading files from Google Drive to Mac and uploading files to Google Drive from Mac. The app allows you to sync files and folders between the Google Drive cloud and your local devices like PC, Mac, iPhone, or Android phones. The previous Google Drive desktop app, Drive File Stream, is called Drive for desktop now. Google Drive Sync Mac Folder by Drive for Desktop
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Boosts the immune system and alleviates overreactions, such as hay fever or allergies. Discourages miscarriage.Īquamarine is helpful to sore throats, swollen glands and thyroid problems. Highly protective during pregnancy, it helps to guard both mother and baby from harm. Aquamarine contains no or few noticeable inclusions but it can have inclusions like mica, hematite, or salt-water. Aquamarine has a chemical composition of Be 3 Al 2 Si 6 O 18, also containing Fe 2+. The blue color comes from iron impurities present while the crystal is growing. The color of aquamarine can be changed by heat. Aquamarine is a variety of the mineral species Beryl. Sharpens intuition and opens clairvoyance. Aquamarine is a pale-blue to light-green variety of beryl. People who have communication problems benefit from Aquamarine. ![]() It has healing properties that have been long sought after. Clarifies perception, sharpens the intellect and clears confusion. Aquamarine is a gemstone that has many uses. It can invoke tolerance of others and overcomes judgmentalism, giving support to those overwhelmed by responsibility. The color is usually more intense in larger stones, and darker blue. Aquamarine has an affinity with sensitive people. Aquamarine is most often light in tone and ranges from greenish blue to blue-green. ![]() Its calming energies reduce stress and quiet the mind. ♥ Cleansing ♥ Meditation ♥ Serenity ♥ Peace ♥ Prophecy ♥ Inspiration ♥ Tranquility ♥ Inner power strength ♥ Soothing ♥ Calming ♥ Safe travel on waterĪquamarine is a stone of courage. ![]() Tesla Model Y comes standard with the company's Autopilot system: a suite of advanced safety and convenience features like adaptive cruise control with semi-autonomous driving mode.īrowse Kijiji Autos for new and used Tesla Model Y for sale in your neighbourhood and across the country. Model Y Standard Battery will have 230 miles of range, while Model Y Long Range will be able to travel up to 300 miles on a single charge. Technology features include a 15-inch touchscreen infotainment system with integrated streaming services and video games. A tinted all-glass roof delivers extra headroom and expansive sky views. Optioned as sits, this car carries a current window sticker of 85,440 if ordered from Tesla today. Options on this car include the white interior, 20' Induction Wheels, Enhanced Autopilot and Full Self Driving Capable Computer. Driver and passenger comfort is prioritized with heated front and rear seats, dual-zone automatic climate control and a HEPA air filtration system. 2021 Tesla Model Y Long Range Fully optioned Tesla Model Y with Long Range Package and Dual Motor. The 2022 Tesla Model Y offers a roomy interior with fold-flat rear seats, allowing for increased cargo space. ![]() When searching for a used Tesla Model Y for sale, you may come across examples of this rare rear-wheel drive model. A Standard Range version was announced by Tesla in early 2021 but quickly discontinued. Long Range models offer an increased range of up to 531 km fully charged and can be equipped with an optional third row, expanding passenger capacity from five to seven. Performance models feature impressively fast acceleration, a top speed of 250 km/hr and a range of up to 488 km fully charged. Both models are equipped with dual-motor all-wheel drive, offering stability and traction in bad conditions. The Tesla Model Y is available in two trim levels: Performance and Long Range. Looking for a Tesla Model Y for sale in your area? Kijiji Autos online listings offer a fast and easy way to find and finance your next vehicle.ĭrivers interested in electric SUVs like the Tesla Model Y might also like the Ford Mustang Mach-E, Hyundai Ioniq 5 or Volkswagen ID.4. For now, available semi-autonomous features include self-parking and autonomous lane changes on the highway. While the Tesla Model Y is not an autonomous vehicle, the available full self-driving capability add-on promises to deliver this technology in the future. A fairly new offering from Tesla, this electric SUV launched in 2020. ![]() The Tesla Model Y is a fully electric crossover SUV with seating for up to seven. ![]() The beginner and intermediate levels are guessing games where after each move the computer tells the player which items were right, so there is little scope for deduction. There are three difficulty levels: Beginner with three features in three possible colors 33 = 27 different possible solutions, Intermediate with 44 = 256 solutions, and Advanced with 55 = 3125 solutions. The player then attempts to deduce or guess the right feature colors in a limited number of guesses (not available in beginner difficulty). The player can choose from an assortment of colors (red, purple, yellow, blue or green), and a color can be used once, several times or not used. The computer decides the color of up to five features (topper, eyes, nose, mouth and clothes) that are concealed from the player. A Sneak Peek coin bonus allows the player to expose all remaining cards for a couple of seconds, but every card exposed in this way is counted as a turn. In addition to a jester that automatically finds another match of an exposed card, numerous special pairs are present in the higher levels: such as a card of the cake batter station in Comfy Cakes that shuffles the board when paired, a clock that adds more time to the timer, and a Comfy Cakes Chef that automatically finds and matches pairs of cards containing cakes. The Beginner level has one 5x5 grid, Intermediate has two 6圆 grids, and Advanced has four 8x8 grids to solve per game (shamrocks, hearts, smiley faces or gumdrops). As the skill level progresses, the game becomes timed, the grid size increases, and more similar pictures are used. The object is to clear the tableau in the fewest turns. Purble Pairs is a pattern recognition and memory game similar to Concentration (card game). ![]() When the player does not get the features in the wax paper, the computer tells them the move is not allowed. The player makes about 5 or 6 cakes in one of the difficulty levels. At higher levels the specifications become more complex and multiple cakes must be manufactured in parallel on a single conveyor belt. The final score depends upon the number of cakes baked, the number of incorrect orders sent and the efficiency of the player in baking. ![]() After a certain number of correct orders are shipped in the box, the player wins the game, and the score is tabulated. If the player sends two or three incorrect orders, the game is over. If the cake does not match the specification on the TV, the player is penalized, and the cake gets thrown in the trash. Elements of the cake include cake pan shapes (square, circular or heart-shaped), flavor of batter (strawberry, chocolate or vanilla), 3 cake layerings (red, green or white), optional icing (strawberry, chocolate or vanilla), and other decorations (for instance, sugar may be sprinkled on top of the cake, and in rarer cases, flames are applied to iced cakes to create a smooth glaze). The object is to fill orders in a bakery by assembling a cake to match a given cake specification on the TV, by controlling a conveyor belt that brings the cake to various stations. The collection has a single home screen that offers three packs of games: Purble Pairs, Comfy Cakes and Purble Shop:Ĭomfy Cakes is a hand-eye coordination game. Purble Place is a suite of three games and was developed by Oberon Games and is included in Windows 7. ![]() ![]() Change is threatening in this case, the threat is aimed at the senior executives of many of our largest companies.ĭespite the protests, this organizational innovation should be encouraged. By resolving the central weakness of the public corporation-the conflict between owners and managers over the control and use of corporate resources-these new organizations are making remarkable gains in operating efficiency, employee productivity, and shareholder value. Over the long term, they will enhance U.S. economic performance relative to our most formidable international competitor, Japan, whose companies are moving in the opposite direction. The capital markets are in panies of the mid-1960s and early 1970s-an era of gross corporate waste and mismanagement that triggered the organizational transformation now under way in the United States.Ĭonsider these developments in the 1980s: The governance and financial structures of Japan’s public companies increasingly resemble U.S. The total market value of equity in publicly held companies has tripled over the past decade-from $1 trillion in 1979 to more than $3 trillion in 1989. But newly acquired capital comes increasingly from private placements, which have expanded more than ten times since 1980, to a rate of $200 billion in 1988. Private placements of debt and equity now account for more than 40 % of annual corporate financings. Meanwhile, in every year since 1983, at least 5 % of the outstanding value of corporate equity has disappeared through stock repurchases, takeovers, and going-private transactions. 1 (See the insert, “The Privatization of Equity.”) Finally, households are sharply reducing their stock holdings. ![]() The last share of publicly traded common stock owned by an individual will be sold in the year 2003, if current trends persist. This forecast may be fanciful (short-term trends never persist), but the basic direction is clear. By the turn of the century, the primacy of public stock ownership in the United States may have all but disappeared. Households have been liquidating their direct holdings and indirect positions (through channels like mutual funds) at an unprecedented rate. Over the last five years, they have been net sellers of more than $500 billion of common stock, 38 % of their holdings at the beginning of 1984. Why have stock prices risen sharply despite this massive sell-off? Because there has been one huge buyer-corporations themselves. ![]() The company will continue to operate under the AeroData brand. In 2021 Garmin acquired AeroData, a Scottsdale AZ based company that provides aircraft performance software for over 135 airlines worldwide. In 2019, Garmin acquired Tacx, a privately held Dutch company that designs and manufacturers indoor bike trainers, tools and accessories, as well as indoor training software and applications. In 2018, it was reported that the Garmin subsidiary Navionics had exposed hundreds of thousands of customer records, when its MongoDB database wasn't secured with a password. for its Backtracker on-bicycle low power radar system. In 2015, Garmin acquired South Africa's iKubu Ltd. In 2006, Garmin introduced a new corporate logo, and opened its first retail store, located on Michigan Avenue in Chicago, Illinois. In July 2011, Garmin finished its acquisition of the German satellite navigation company Navigon. Garmin also bought Nautamatic Marine Systems, an Oregon-based company that makes autopilot systems for boats. Digital Cyclone Inc (DCI), located in Chanhassen, Minnesota, provides mobile weather solutions for consumers, pilots, and outdoor enthusiasts. EME Tec Sat SAS is the distributor of Garmin's consumer products in France following the acquisition, EME changed its name to Garmin France SAS. Dynastream, in Cochrane, Alberta, produces personal monitoring technology ( ANT+)-such as foot pods and heart rate monitors for sports and fitness products-and also ultra-low-power and low-cost wireless connectivity devices for a wide range of applications ( ANT). Garmin has acquired Dynastream Innovations, EME Tec Sat SAS ( EME), and Digital Cyclone. and continued operations as a wholly owned subsidiary of Garmin International, Inc. The acquired company changed its name to Garmin AT, Inc. based in Salem, Oregon, a subsidiary of United Parcel Service, Inc., expanding its product line of panel-mounted GPS/NAV/COMM units and integrated cockpit systems for private and commercial aircraft. In August 2003, Garmin completed acquisition of UPS Aviation Technologies, Inc. Acquisitionsįrom 2006 to 2015 Garmin operated a retail store on Michigan Ave. Kao's brother, Ruey-Jeng Kao, an attorney in Taipei, owned another 7,984,109 shares, which when combined with Burrell's and Kao's shares constituted 54.22 percent of the shares outstanding. Together their holdings accounted for 45 percent of the company's stock. At that time Burrell owned 19,911,155 shares. The company began public trading on NASDAQ on December 8, 2000. In May 2018, Garmin partnered with the University of Kansas Medical Center to tackle sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation. In April 2018, Garmin launched Connect IQ 3.0 along with new apps-MySwim Pro, Yelp, Trailforks and iHeartRadio. By the end of June 2000, the company employed 1,205 people: 541 in the United States, 635 in Taiwan, and 29 in the United Kingdom. As of August 22, 2000, the company held 35 patents on GPS technology. ![]() ![]() Its products were sold in 100 countries and carried by 2,500 independent distributors. īy 2000 Garmin had sold three million GPS devices, and was producing 50 different models. Garmin reported a 2006 total revenue of $1.77 billion, up 73% from $1.03 billion in 2005. By 1999, sales had reached $233 million and a profit of $64 million. īy 1995, Garmin's sales had reached $105 million, and it had achieved a profit of $23 million. The company was later renamed "Garmin", a portmanteau of its two founders, Gary Burrell and Min H. ProNav's first product was a GPS unit which sold for US$2,500. They founded Garmin in 1989 in Lenexa, Kansas, as "ProNav". Kao from the defense contractor Magnavox while working for the former King Radio. Due to their development in wearable technology, they have also been competing with activity tracker and smartwatch consumer developers such as Fitbit and Apple. The company specializes in GPS technology for automotive, aviation, marine, outdoor, and sport activities. Since 2010, the company is legally incorporated in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. (shortened to Garmin, stylized as GARMIN, and formerly known as ProNav) is an American, Swiss-domiciled multinational technology company founded in 1989 by Gary Burrell and Min Kao in Lenexa, Kansas, United States, with headquarters in Olathe, Kansas. Garmin International Inc., Garmin (Asia) Corporation begin to type a DNA sequence (or paste sequence from the clipboard) to open the 'Insert Bases' window. Manually Insert Sequence In Sequence view, click to place the cursor at the desired location for insertion. SnapGene Viewer: The free SnapGene Viewer is great for looking at plasmid maps and viewing sequencing traces, while the paid version provides more tools for plasmid mapping and design (Figure 1). In this video, we introduce you to the key visualization features in SnapGene: Create and browse richly annotated plasmid maps or scan large DNA sequences with thousands of. I have a list of primers in an Excel file. To learn how to create a new sequence see Create a New DNA or RNA Sequence. SnapGene allows you to gain unparalleled visibility of plasmids and sequences so you can quickly accomplish complex tasks.Why do I see missing or garbled text after printing to a PDF file?.Can SnapGene read files created by my current molecular biology software?.MITnet, Lincoln Laboratory, Haystack, Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and the legacy AI Lab.įor general SnapGene support, please contact the IS&T Help Desk. SnapGene Viewer is software that allows you to create, browse, and share richly annotated DNA sequence files. Each time you edit a sequence or simulate cloning or PCR or mutagenesis, the procedure is automatically logged in a graphical history. SnapGene automatically records the steps in a cloning project. It simplifies the planning of a Gibson Assembly reaction, and automates the primer design. The map can be in a circular or linear format. Customize the display of enzyme sites, features, primers, ORFs, DNA colors, and more. Select the DNA fragments that you wish to fuse, and SnapGene will design the primers. SnapGene is the easiest way to plan, visualize, and document your everyday molecular biology procedures. SnapGene is molecular biology software that allows users to plan, visualize, and document molecular biology procedures. ![]() ![]() Share: export a plasmid map as an image, or export an annotated DNA sequence to GenBank format and freely share data with your colleagues or customers using the universally accessible SnapGene format.SnapGene Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Overview Annotate: automatically annotate common features, or manually annotate coding sequences and other features, design and annotate primers for PCR, sequencing, or mutagenesis, and identify open reading frames (ORFs) with a single mouse click. RSS Feed Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates. ![]() Search a DNA sequence to match either a DNA query, or a protein translation, or an annotation. Browse or print a DNA sequence and its annotations using customizable Map, Sequence, Enzymes, Features, Primers, and History views. Features include visualize: Create a DNA sequence file by either entering a sequence, or importing a record from GenBank, or opening an annotated sequence stored in one of many common file formats. ![]() SnapGene Viewer is software that allows molecular biologists to create, browse, and share richly annotated DNA sequence files up to 1 GB in length. WebBachelor of Science and Accoutancy (BSA) Accountancy (Bsa1) BS Accountancy Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED) Database. RELATED: Trump Tower and Robert Mueller reach a deal over Paul Manafort’s condo fees And in DC, a judge said Friday that she won’t change her finding that he intentionally lied about his contact with his Russian associate Konstantin Kilimnik, breaking his plea agreement. In Virginia, he submitted letters of support Friday from friends and family and a 40-page memo arguing why he shouldn’t spend the rest of his life in prison. during the election.Former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort, in the last days before he learns how long he’ll spend in prison, is facing an uphill battle for leniency from judges in two federal courts. ![]() Thirteen of those are Russian nationals who it claims waged "information warfare" against the U.S. In total, the investigation has brought criminal charges against 19 people. The Mueller investigation has so far resulted in guilty pleas from several former Trump campaign and administration officials, including Trump's former National Security Adviser Michael Flynn and Trump campaign foreign policy adviser George Papadopoulos. political parties and conducting a coordinated misinformation campaign targeting the 2016 election. In early January 2017 American intelligence agencies issued a report that found Russian intelligence was involved in hacking U.S. Trump has repeatedly called the investigation a "witch hunt" and has begun attacking Mueller by name on Twitter. Trump's former top Russia investigation defense lawyer, John Dowd, called for Mueller's investigation to be shut down late last month. President Donald Trump has denied "collusion" between his campaign and the Kremlin. The DOJ is seeking to have the suit dismissed. In that case, Manafort argues Mueller's appointment violated the law. Manafort makes similar arguments in a civil suit against the Department of Justice (DOJ) that he filed in January. Rosenstein has been overseeing the investigation after Attorney General Jeff Sessions stepped away from it last year because he worked on the Trump campaign. Manafort argues the case against him should be dismissed. ![]() Read more: Mueller tells court Paul Manafort partner Rick Gates knew they were dealing with ex-Russian intelligence agent Since then, nearly two dozen charges against him have been dropped. Manafort has pleaded not guilty.Įarly this year, Gates pleaded guilty to lesser charges, including fraud and lying to investigators, in exchange for agreeing to assist Mueller's investigation. Last October Manafort and his business partner Rick Gates, a former Trump campaign aide, were indicted on multiple charges including laundering $30 million, tax avoidance and corruption in connection with work they did for a political party in Ukraine. ![]() The documents argue against Manafort's claims a series of indictments against him should be dismissed because they concern matters outside the special counsel's authority. The memo was released at the end of 282 pages of court documents filed by the special counsel's team on Monday. "The order was worded categorically in order to permit its public release without confirming specific investigations involving specific individuals," Rosenstein's memo states. The redacted, previously classified document leaves space for other specific tasks for the Mueller investigation and was drawn up as an addition to the public authorization of the special counsel's broad remit to investigate Russian election interference last May. District Court in Washington, U.S., February 28, 2018. Former Trump campaign manager Paul Manafort departs from U.S. ![]() To date, King Olav V of Norway has been the only foreign sovereign to be admitted, in 1962. In addition, members of the Royal Family and foreign sovereigns can be appointed as ‘extra’ Knights and Ladies. The Order is limited to the Sovereign and 16 members. It is Scotland’s senior order and the second-highest order within the United Kingdom. The Order of the Thistle was formally established in 1687 by King James VII of Scotland (James II of England). ********** The Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle Wikipedia: St George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle.Medals of the World: Order of the Garter.It is worn by men just below the left knee, and by women on the left arm. The Garter is made of dark blue velvet edged with gold, bearing the motto of the Order in gold lettering. The Hat is a Tudor bonnet made of black velvet with a plume of white ostrich feathers. The Collar is worn overtop of the mantle, attached at each shoulder with a white bow. The garter, surrounding the St George Cross, is sewn onto the left shoulder of the mantle (other than the Sovereign’s, which features the Star of the order instead). The Mantle is made of dark blue velvet lined with white taffeta, with a hood of crimson velvet. These include the mantle, hat, and garter. The Sash is a four-inch wide band of silk, in kingfisher blue, from the left shoulder.įor ceremonial occasions, such as the Garter Service, the ceremonial vestments are worn. It is worn suspended from the sash, on the right hip. The Badge (Lesser George) is an oval-shaped pendant, depicting Saint George on horseback slaying a dragon, surrounded by the garter. Afterward, they all don their robes, hats, and insignia and process on foot to St George’s Chapel for a service, at which any new members are installed. On the Monday of Ascot Week in June, the members of the Order gather at Windsor Castle, where new members are invested with the insignia, followed by a luncheon in the Waterloo Chamber. New members are traditionally announced on St George’s Day, April 23rd. Wikipedia: List of current Knights and Ladies of the Garter.Unlike many of the British Honours, the Order of the Garter is granted solely at the discretion of the Sovereign, and not on the advice of the government. Members are appointed in recognition of their public service, contributions to national life or personal service to the Sovereign. In addition, members of the Royal Family are known as Royal Knights and Ladies, while foreign sovereigns are known as Stranger (or Extra) Knights and Ladies. The Order is limited to the Sovereign, the Prince of Wales and 24 members. The King allegedly picked it up and uttered the phrase ‘Honi soit qui mal y pense’ – Shame to the person who thinks evil of it – which has since become the Order’s motto. The most accepted history is that while dancing, the Countess of Salisbury’s garter slipped from her leg. The Order of the Garter was founded in 1348 by King Edward III, and is the oldest and most senior order in the United Kingdom. The reigning monarch remains Sovereign of each of these: In addition, there are several Orders which are dormant and no longer granted, however, they have never been formally abolished. The current active orders of the United Kingdom are: In addition to this article, be sure to check out The Queen’s Orders of Chivalry – a wonderful column written several years ago by Paul James. In addition to those listed below, there are several ‘national’ orders within the various realms.īefore going on, I would be remiss if I didn’t mention two wonderful sources of information – specifically photographs! They are The Royal Collection and Medals of the World. As times have changed and the British Empire no longer exists as it once did, some orders have fallen into abeyance, however, none have been formally abolished. ![]() ![]() Most are granted on the advice of the government, however, there are several which remain the sole gift of the Sovereign. The reigning monarch is Sovereign of each order, and as ‘fount of honour’, all are awarded in his or her name. From some which are very rarely and exclusively awarded, to those with tens of thousands of members, the British Honours system is perhaps the most extensive of all the world’s monarchies. ![]() Destroyed in the first months of the Great Patriotic War, it was restored during German occupation by forced labor, and was destroyed again by retreating German troops.ĭuring the Battle of Kyiv, Red Army's attempt to catch the bridge by landing forces was unsuccessful. The replacement Darnytskyi railroad bridge was built in the early 1920s but shared the fate of the Bosch Bridge. A pontoon bridge was built on its place by forced labour under German occupation, which was destroyed again by German troops retreating from Kyiv. įollowing the Nazi attack on the Soviet Union, the bridge was destroyed on September 18, 1941, by retreating Soviet forces. The Yevheniya Bosch Bridge was named after the former Soviet People's Secretary of Internal Affairs and a fierce Bolshevik, Yevgeniya Bosch. The construction overseen by Paton was finished by 1925. The year of 1923 passed in arguing between the two proposals. He ended up proposing to construct a totally new bridge but this proposal was declined by the supporters of the reusing of the old elements from underwater. However, rusting made the metallic parts of the old bridge unusable and for the following two years Paton worked on several projects of the Nicholas bridge's restoration. Within months after the Polish troops blew up the original chain bridge, that very summer 1920 the Ukrainian engineer Evgeny Paton proposed the reconstruction project that would have reused the old chains to be lifted from under water. Restored by forced labor of war prisoners and civilians during German occupation they were blown up again by Germans when they retreated from Kyiv in November 1943. New bridges were built in the early Soviet years but were destroyed in the first months of the 1941 Nazi German invasion. In 1965 in its place was erected the Metro Bridge and the Rusanivsky Metropolitan Bridge (extension of the first) which both are part of the Svyatoshyno-Brovary Subway Line (SBL).īetween World War I and World War II The bridge was designed by architect V.Apishkov. ![]() Rusanivsky bridge connected the Darnytsia region with the city of Kyiv by the Brovary chaussée (highway). The bridge was built in 1906 and was blown up in 1943 by the retreating forces of Nazi Germany. Similarly to the Nicholas Bridge, the Struve Bridge survived World War I and the Civil war, but was blown up in 1920 by the retreating Polish troops ( see: Kyiv Offensive). On Februthe first train by the Kyiv- Kursk railroad company arrived through the bridge to the Kyiv railroad station. During the construction Struve first in the Russian Empire used caisson method to lay the foundation. Standing on 13 piers, over 1 km (0.62 mi) long, the bridge was the longest in Europe at that time. This over 1 kilometre long railroad truss bridge was initially named to its constructor, engineer Struve. The Struve Railroad Bridge, Kyiv's second stationary bridge, was built in 1868–1870 with the construction supervision conducted personally by Amand Struve. Records exist about another floater in the 17th century with stationary approaches from the shores.Īn 1870s postcard of the Struve Railroad Bridge It was located near Vyshhorod or, according to different accounts, near the Vydubychi Monastery. Stationary bridges existed in Kyiv from the mid-19th century, but none of them survived the turbulent events that followed the 1917 Russian Revolution.Īccording to the chronicles, the earliest floating bridge across the Dnieper River in the area was built in the 1115. ![]() Temporary floater bridges were known to have existed since the 12th century. Currently there are eight bridges spanning across the river and a few dozen bridges across the canals and Dnieper tributaries.ĭue to the location and the width of the river, the bridges have always been a very attractive and hard to realize option throughout the long history of Kyiv. Additionally, several tributaries join the Dnieper inside or just north or south of the historic city. Kyiv, historically situated on the right bank of the Dnieper River, now covers both banks of the river whose width, as it flows through the city, reaches several hundred metres. Some bridges in Kyiv (top to bottom): Pivnichnyi Bridge, Metro Bridge, Paton Bridge. |